Governing mechanism for turbines.



No. 769,613. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. O. JUNGGREN.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES. APPLICATION FILED JULY 22, 1903.

NO MODEL. 2 SHBETSSHEET 1.

witnesses: Inder'wtor;

f N 53 4 Oscar Jurggren o ttl y- No. 769,613. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. O. JUNGGREN. GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22,1903.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FE Isl III III III In \/e n ton Oscar" Jur ggren,

tty

NITED STATES Patented September 6, 1904.

ATENT OSCAR JUNGGREN. OF SCHENECTADY, NEW' YORK. ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC (-Oh'lPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,613, dated September 6, 1904. Application filed July 22, 1903. Serial No.166,584. (No model.)

To (Li/l whmw if Tit/y concern: I

'Be it known that I, OSCAR Juxoeunx. a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Governing Mechanism for Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to automatic governing mechanism for engines, and more especially to those intended for use with elastic-fluid turbines.

The object of the invention is to provide a governing mechanism which will maintain the speed of a motor constant within certain predetermined narrow limits and this over 1 wide ranges in load.

1 attain the object sought by combining the parts in a novel manner and by eliminating in so far as possible the internal friction of l the moving parts.

In the accompanying description and claims appended thereto will be set forth with particularity what I consider to be novel and my invention.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of my invention, Fig- 1 ure .1 is a side elevation of a rotary engine or turbine with certain of the parts broken away to more clearly show the arrangement of the governing mechanism. Fig. 2 is a del tail sectional view showing the slip-joint between the governor and the reciprocating throttle-valve which regulates the admission of steam or other elastic fluid to the nozzle or admission-orifice. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, partially in elevation, of a slightlymioditied form of my invention; and Fig. is a secl tion taken on line 4c 4: looking in the direction of the arrow.

1 represents the wheel, and 2 its snrrounding casing. The wheel is provided with one I or more rows of peripheral buckets 3. and l when more than a single row is employed a segmental row of intermediate buckets :t is provided and located in close proximity to adjacent surfaces of the wheel. The wheel can be of the axial or radial flow type or a l properly arranging the leverages.

modification thereof, as is desired. Steam or other elastic tluid is delivered to the first wheel by the nozzle 5, which is carried by the detachable cover 6 and may be of the expanding or non expanding type. The cover is held in place by a plurality of bolts equally spaced, so that it can be arranged in any desired position with respect to the wheelcasing. The exhaust from the wheel is discharged through the conduit T, which is bolted or otherwise attached to the casing. The wheel or wheels are mounted on the main shaft 8, and the latter is chambered out to receive the spring 9 of the governor. This spring may be of the compression or extension type, as best suits the conditions of operation. The end of the shaft is screwthreadcd, and a nut or sleeve 10 is mounted thereon, which in addition to holding the wheel in place on the shaft acts as a stop for the inner or heavier weights of the governor. The inner end of the spring is seated on the disk 11, and its tension may be varied by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the disk. The left-hand or outer end of the spring engages with an adjustable plate 12, which in turn is carried by the movable abutment l3. and by adjusting the plate by means of the screws the spring can be made to bear evenly at all points. Screw-threaded to the abutment and movable therewith is a rod or spindle 14:, the lower end of which passes through and is guided by the disk 11. The left-hand end of this rod or spindle carries a part of the slip-joint, which will be hereinafter referred to.

The weights 15 act differentially and centrifugally and are mounted on Tshaped levers 16. The weights adjacent to the wheel are arranged to overpower the weights on the outer ends of the levers. This may be accomplished either by making the weights heavier or by As the speed tends to increase the inner weights move outwardly and in so doing overpower the outer weights and also compress the spring 9 to a greater or lesser extent.

The projections 17 on the arms carry antifriction-rollers, which engage with the springpressed abutment. The weight-arms are provided with knife-edges 18, which engage. with blocks 19, the latter being supported by the ring 20, which is mounted on two or more posts 21. The posts are preferably secured to the web of the wheel adjacent thereto, since this arrangement economizes space; but the ring may be otherwise supported, if desired. By removing the nuts on the outer end the ring 20, together with the weights, can be re moved without disturbing the other parts of the structure.

The outer weights 22 are movable on the arms for the purpose of adjusting the governor. Each weight is secured by pins which pass therethrough at a point eccentric to the center of the mass of the weight, and by rotating the weight about its pivotal support it is evident that the center of the mass will be moved toward or away from the pivot of the weight-arm. Hence the effective action of the weight-arm can be varied. When the Weight has been adjusted to the proper position, a pin or key 25 secures it in place.

In order to control the admission of steam or other elastic fluid to the nozzle or admission-orifice, a balanced valve 26 is employed, which is mounted in a housing 27, the latter being bolted to the cover. The housing is also provided with a detachable cover. By removing the nut 28 on the valve-stem and the nuts which retain the housing in place the governor mechanism is exposed, which facilitates adjustment and repairs. The valve 26 is surrounded by a suitable bushing, which may be renewed when Worn. Between the valve-stem and the spindle or rod 14 is a slipjoint 29. The particular construction of this joint is immaterial, so long as it is capable of changing the position of the valve in accordance with changes in position of the centrifugally and differentially acting weights, at the same time permitting the governor to rotate without imparting rotary motion to the valve. The valvehousing is provided with a conduit or fluidcarrying passage 30, which registers with a l corresponding passage formed in the cover 6. The cover is also provided with a second passage 31, which is shown in dotted lines, that .communicates with an inlet-pipe 32 and conveys steam or other elastic fluid into the space at the left of the throttlevalve. It will thus be seen that the valve is located between two passages or conduits, and as it moves to and fro under the action of the governor it varies the passage of fluid to the bucket wheel or wheels.

It is to be noted that the axis of the valve I coincides with that of the wheel and that when the abutment 13 moves in or out it positively actuates the valve, and owing to the fact that the latter is balanced the work required of the governor is very small.

Referring to Fig. 2, I have shown, on a some- 5 what enlarged scale, the construction of a simple form of slip-joint. 1.4: representsthe outer end of the rod or spindle that passes through the movable abutment, and secured thereto in any suitable manner is a sleeve 33, which surrounds and retains the'head 3& on the valvespindle. The head is prevented from moving longitudinally independently of the spindle 13; but the sleeve 33 is capable of rotating independently of the head. The object of this arrangement is to enable the valve to reciprocate, but not rotate.

Referring to 'Fig. 3, I have shown a slight modification of the speed-responsive device. On the end of the shaft is a sleeve or nut 10, which in addition to surrounding the compression-spring of the governor alsoacts as a stop for the centrifugallyand differentially acting weights. This sleeve or nut is provided with an enlargement or head 33, which is slotted to receive the weight -arms 34;. These arms are provided with knife-edges which engage with the plates 35, that are dovetailed to the head 33. In assemblingthe governor the weights are mounted in place, after which the plates are inserted and secured by screws or bolts. Each weight-arm is provided with a projection 17 that carries an antifriction-roller, which in turn engages with the movable abutment 13. This abutment is normally forced to the left by a cornpression-spring 9. I may, however, use an extension-spring, if desired,'in which case the abutment would be located at the inner end of the spring. To the abutment is screwthreaded a rod or spindle 14, which is connected, through aslipjoi-nt 29, with the valvespindle. The reciprocating throttle-valve is mounted in a detachable housing 27 and is similar to the one described in connection with Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 4, the relation of the weights 34 to the not or sleeve 10 is clearly shown. Two of these weights are shown and are located on opposite sides of the axis of the shaft; but the number of weights employed can be varied. In Figs. 3 and 4: the weights are shown as being fixed; but I may use weights constructed and arranged as in Fig. 1. When it is desired to govern the engine within narrow limits, it will be found more satisfactory to employ the weights shown in Fig. 1, owing to their adjustability.

The governor is located Within the steamspace of the casing and .is thereby protected from injury due to external sources. Imay, however, place the governor outside of the steam-space without departing from my invention.

The broad idea of mounting the controllingvalve in the detachable cover of the casing and in line with the wheel-axis, with the speed-responsive device between the valve and the wheel, is not claimed herein, since it forms the subject-matter of my prior pending application, Serial No. 120377, filed August 21, 1902.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a rotary engine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor. a device for discharging fluid against the wheel, a valve in line with the axis of the wheel and carried by the easing, a speed-responsive device driven by the wheel-shaft, and a slip-joint connection between the valve and the said device.

2. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a detachable cover there for, a balanced valve mounted therein which controls the admission of fluid to the wheel, a wheel, a centrifugal governor mounted on the wheel-shaft. a movable abutment which rotates with and opposes the action of the weights, and a means including a slip-jointfor transmitting motion between the weights and the valve.

3. In a rotary engine, the combination of a wheel and easing therefor, a cover for the easing containing a fluid-carrying passage, a detachable valve-housing mounted on the cover,a valve mounted therein, agovernor for varying the position of the valve, and a slip-joint between the valve and governor.

L. In a rotary engine, the combination of a wheel and easing therefor, a cover for the easing which contains separate passages, a balanced reciprocating valve controlling the fluid flow from one passage to another, a housing for the valve carried by the cover, a centrifugal governor, and a slip-joint connection between the governor and the valve.

5. In a rotary engine, the combination of a wheel and easing, a detachable cover for the casing, a controlling-valve which is located in line with the axis of the wheel, and a housing for the valve which is detachably secured to i the cover.

6. In a governor, the combination of a revolving member having a chamber formed therein, centrifugal weights and supportingarms arranged to move therewith, a coiled spring located within the chamber, a movable abutment, and projections on the weight-arms that engage with the abutment.

T. In a governor, the combination of a revolving member having a chamber formed therein, a coiled spring mounted in the chamber, an abutment acted upon by the spring,cen

trifugally and differentially acting weights, and arms for the weights having projections which rest on and are moved by the abutment.

8. In a governor, the combination of an arm, a weight, and a means for attaching the weight to the arm which is eccentrically disposed with respect to the center of the mass of the weight.

9. In a governor, the combination of an arm, a weight, and a pin for attaching the weight to the arm which passes through said weight at a point removed from the center of its mass.

10. In a rotary shaft, a sleeve screw-threaded thereto, centrifugally acting weights mounted on the sleeve,a means opposing-the action of the weights, and plates which are dovetailed to the sleeve and hold the weights in place.

11. In a rotary engine, the combination of a shaft, a wheel mounted thereon, a sleeve which is screw-threzuled to the shaft, a coiled spring mounted within the sleeve. a movable abutment guided by the sleeve and engaging with the spring, and weights carried by the sleeve which are provided with extensions that are acted upon by the abutment.

12. In a governor, the combination of centrifugal weights, a spring-actuated abutment opposing the weights. a rod orspindle which is attached to the abutment, a governing-valve, and a connection between the rod or spindle and the valve.

13. A rotary engine cmnprising a casing, a wheel and a fluid-discharging device, in com bination with a cover for the casing having a passage which conveys fluid to the discharging device, a detachable valve-housing con taining a passage which registers with the passage in the cover, and a valve located in the housing and arranged to control the how of fluid through the passage.

M. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a wheel, and a fluid-discharging device, in com bination with a cover for the casing having two distinct fluii'l-carrying passagesfand a valve which regulates the flow of fluid from one to the other.

15. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a wheel, and a fluid-discharging device, in com bination with a cover for the casing having two distinct fluid-carrying passages, a hous ing carried by the cover, passages in the housing which register with those in the cover, and a valve mounted in the housing which controls the How of fluid from one passage to another.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of July, I903.

OSCAR JUNGGREN.

'itnesses:

Eowanp \VILLIAMs, Jr., Martens L. Bvxe. 

